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Varicocele Explained
Most people arent familiar with the term "varicocele", however, according to the article below, it can be a very common cause for infertility in men.Here is a good article which explains what a varicocele is as well as other causes of infertility or subfertility in men:
SEE ALSO: MALE FACTOR INFERTILITY AND INCREASING SPERM COUNT NATURALLY (getpregnantover40.com)
Myth 3. Varicoceles dont cause infertilityThe most common cause of male infertility is varicocele. A varicocele is an abnormal dilation of the pampiniform plexus of the internal spermatic vein and is typically identified on the left side. This condition has been found to be a contributing factor in up to 40% of cases of primary and up to 80% of cases of secondary male subfertility. Varicoceles have also been identified in up to 15% of the general population (14).
In the healthy state, the intratesticular temperature is maintained at several degrees below body temperature by means of a countercurrent temperature system. The spermatic arteries are surrounded by the multiple veins of the pampiniform plexus. The warm arterial blood is cooled by convection from these veins. Varicoceles are thought to increase the intratesticular temperature through the loss of venous valvular function. This leads to pooling of the warm blood in the testis, thus causing altered spermatogenesis, Leydigs cell dysfunction, and subsequent infertility (15).
Diagnosis and treatment
Diagnosis of a clinical varicocele is usually made by physical examination, with or without the aid of Doppler ultrasound. Diagnosis and treatment of subclinical varicoceles (those identifiable only by radiographic means) remain controversial (16). Several operative and nonoperative treatment options are available. Nonoperative therapy includes transvenous ablation with use of thrombotic agents (17). Traditionally, surgical repair of a varicocele is performed by an inguinal (18), a retroperitoneal (19), or a subinguinal approach (20).
The primary indications for treatment of a varicocele are (1) male subfertility, usually detected by abnormal findings on seminal fluid analysis, although abnormal function or morphology may be the only evident factor; (2) adolescent testicular growth retardation that is persistent during a 6-month observation period; and (3) intractable pain that is not attributable to other intrascrotal causes. Although some controversy remains about the utility and effectiveness of repairing varicoceles, most investigators agree that treating a varix in a subfertile male improves seminal parameters and yields higher pregnancy rates than does no treatment (21).
It was originally reported that varix size did not affect the improvement seen postoperatively (22), but more recent reports have contradicted this finding (23). Furthermore, in two studies (24,25), morphology of the sperm as judged by Krugers criteria (26) was increased by varicocele repair.
Myth 4. Its cheaper to proceed directly to assisted reproductive techniques
In a study of treatment costs, Comhaire (27) examined the cost per delivered baby for various treatments of subfertility. Varicocele repair was found to be the least expensive option ($1,700 per delivery), as compared with intrauterine insemination (IUI; $2,566 per delivery) and IVF ($11,667 per delivery with intracytoplasmic sperm injection [ICSI] and $18,333 without).
from: ayurveda.nz.wb
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